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The Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), an agency of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), is the public health regulatory agency responsible for ensuring that that United States' commercial supply of meat, poultry, and egg products is safe, wholesome, and correctly labeled and packaged. The FSIS draws its authority from the Federal Meat Inspection Act of 1906, the Poultry Products Inspection Act of 1957 and the Egg Products Inspection Act of 1970. The FSIS also acts a national health department and is responsible for the safety of public food-related establishments as well as business investigation. Food products that are under the jurisdiction of the FSIS, and thus subject to inspection, are those that contain more than 3% meat or 2% poultry products, with several exceptions,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/larc/Policies/Labeling_Policy_book_082005.pdf )〕 and egg products (liquid, frozen or dried). Shell eggs, meat and poultry products that are not under the jurisdiction of the FSIS are under the jurisdiction of the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Food-related establishments or public restaurants are also under the jurisdiction of the FSIS, to ensure that the said businesses follow USDA regulations. == Overview == More than 7,800 FSIS inspection program personnel are assigned to about 6,200 Federal slaughter, food processing, and import establishments in the United States. They verify the processing of tens of billions of pounds of meat and poultry, and billions of pounds of egg products. At slaughter establishments, inspectors perform antemortem inspections to prevent slaughter of diseased animals. Then, postmortem examinations are performed to identify diseased carcasses not evident antemortem. Regulations for rapid chilling, adequate trimming and sanitary washing are enforced to reduce microbial contamination. Samples are collected for residue testing to ensure antibiotic, pesticide and other residues are below regulatory limits. For cattle, tissue samples are tested for the presence of bovine spongiform encephalopathy. In processing plants, procedures and formulations are monitored to ensure that FSIS requirements and standards of identity are met. Inspectors in egg plants primarily monitor pasteurization. In all plants, sanitation, net weight and accurate labeling (including nutrition information) regulations are enforced. FSIS also is responsible for products presented for import inspection at ports and borders, from countries that FSIS has determined to have inspection systems equivalent to Federal inspection systems. Everyone in the food chain, from farmer through consumer, has a responsibility in keeping the food supply safe. Meat, poultry, and processed egg products can be contaminated with bacteria at any point during production, distribution, and consumption. FDA works closely with other federal agencies that have some role in the regulation of meat, poultry, and processed egg products along the farm to table continuum. FSIS is a separate and distinct agency independent from the FDA. FSIS is under the direction of the Department of Agriculture〔http://www.fsis.usda.gov/About_FSIS/index.asp〕 while the FDA is under the direction of the Department of Health and Human Services.〔http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/default.htm〕 The two agencies share responsibilities on various topics concerning food safety, but have different methods of enforcement and supervision of food producers. For example, both FSIS and the FDA have the authority to regulate food labeling. In March of 2014, FSIS implemented a new regulatory requirement for labeling; 9 CFR Part 412. At times, FSIS requires a food producer to obtain pre-market approval of their intended label before the product is entered into the stream of commerce〔21 U.S.C. 607(d) and 21 U.S.C. 457(c)〕 (for products under their jurisdiction. If product is covered by a standard of identity and meets the established standard, then pre-market approval is not necessary. The FDA does not require that a food producer, in their jurisdiction, obtain pre-market approval of their label.〔P.L. 75-717〕 FSIS takes a preemptive role in food labeling where the FDA takes a reactive role in food labeling. The FSIS also has authority in inspection and monitoring of food-related establishments, while the FDA has no jurisdiction regarding restaurants and food businesses. FSIS derives its authority from the Federal Meat Inspection Act of 1906,〔59th Congress Session I 34 Stat. 669〕 the Poultry Products Inspection Act of 1957,〔P.L. 85-172〕 and the Egg Products Inspection Act of 1970.〔P.L. 91-597 Proposed Amendment: H.R. 3798〕 FSIS inspects meat and poultry products to ensure that there is no misbranded〔The Federal Meat Inspection Act defines "Misbranded" #if the product's labeling is false or misleading in any particular way; #if it is offered for sale under the name of another food; #If it is an imitation of another food, unless it is labeled as such; #if its container is misleading; #unless it bears a label with the name of the manufacturer, distributor, and net quantity of contents; #if its labeling is not prominent and conspicuous; #if it purports to be a food with a standard of identity without conforming to the standard; #if it misrepresents itself as a food with standard of fill; #if it does not bear a common or usual name (provided it is not covered by a standard of identity) and declare ingredients by common or usual name; #if it purports to be a food for special dietary use without conforming to FDA regulations on such products; #if it contains artificial flavoring, artificial coloring, or chemical preservatives that are not declared (with exceptions); and #if it fails to bear an inspection legend and establishment number.〕 or adulterated〔The Federal Meat Inspection Act of 1906 defines "Adultered" #if any substance has been mixed and packed with it so as to reduce or lower or injuriously affect its quality or strength; #if any substance has been substituted wholly or in part for the article; #if any valuable constituent of the article has been wholly or in part abstracted; #if it be mixed, colored, powdered, coated or stained in a manner whereby damage or inferiority is concealed; #if it contain any added poisonous or other added deleterious ingredient which may render such article injurious to health; #if it consists in whole or in part of a filthy, decomposed, or putrid animal or vegetable substance, or any portion of an animal unfit for food, whether manufactured or not, or if it is the product of a diseased animal, or one that has died otherwise than by slaughter.〕 products being put into the stream of commerce. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Food Safety and Inspection Service」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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